Commissione di radioprotezione

Il PQS in radioprotezione è stato revisionato da un gruppo di progetto, adattandolo alla nuova Ordinanza sulla Radioprotezione (in vigore dal 1.1.2018). La nuova Ordinanza in Radioprotezione implica in particolare una formazione continua obbligatoria per tutti i professionisti che lavorano con radiazioni ionizzanti. Questo contesto è appunto contemplato nell’Ordinanza.

Il gruppo di progetto era composto da rappresentanti di tutti i centri di formazione, come pure rappresentanti del Comitato Centrale, della Sezione Romandia e della Commissione di Radioprotezione. Il nuovo PQS in Radioprotezione è stato approvato dalla Commissione di formazione e dal Comitato Centrale nel emse di aprile.

In allegato al PQS ci sono anche le formazioni continue obbligatorie per i differenti gruppi di professionisti che lavorano nel contesto delle radiazioni ionizzanti. L’ASTRM garantisce e sostiene lo sviluppo e l’offerta formativa in Svizzera, non solo per i TRM bensì anche per gli altri professionisti della salute coinvolti.

Für den Patienten in der Röntgendiagnostik existieren keine Dosisgrenzwerte. Die Anwen-dung der Grundsätze für die Rechtfertigung und die Optimierung gewährleisten einen angemessenen Schutz des Patienten.

Bereits im Jahre 1996 hat die Internationale Strahlenschutz-Kommission (ICRP) die Benutzung von "Diagnostischen Referenzwerten" (DRW) vorgeschlagen. Es handelt sich dabei um einen Untersuchungswert, der sich auf eine leicht messbare Grösse bezieht. Das Konzept der DRW ist international anerkannt und hat sich als wichtiges Hilfsmittel zur Optimierung der Patientendosis etabliert. Nationale Referenzwerte für die häufigsten Unter-suchungsarten werden empirisch hergeleitet und basieren auf der Verteilung von einfach zu messenden Dosisgrössen, welche einen direkten Bezug zur Patientendosis haben und dadurch ein effizientes Dosismanagement erlauben.

Bei einer regelmässigen Überschreitung des DRW ist die erhöhte Dosis zu rechtfertigen oder durch geeignete Optimierungsmassnahmen zu reduzieren. In diesem Sinne stellen DRW keine Grenzwerte dar, sondern definieren eine Referenzgrösse, an welcher sich der Anwender orientieren kann und welche es ihm erlaubt, die Strahlenexposition der Patienten unter Berücksichtigung medizinischer Notwendigkeiten so niedrig als möglich zu halten (ALARA-Prinzip).

Weitere Informationen finden Sie hier.

Find attached a paper from M. Pearce et al. published today in Lancet with the results of a retrospective cohort study of CT scans in childhood and subsequent risk of leukaemia and brain tumors. This is the first study to provide direct evidence of a link between exposure to radiation from CT in childhood and cancer risk, and researchers were also able to quantify that risk. This paper is being widely announced by the media and some relevant related messages triggered by this paper could be highlighted: 

Alliance for Radiation Safety in Pediatric Imaging
Radiation exposure from CT scans in childhood and subsequent risk of leukaemia and brain tumours

• The absolute risk of these cancers occurring after CT is small, but radiation doses from CT scans should be kept as low as possible and alternative procedures that do not use ionizing radiation should be considered if appropriate.
• Further refinements to allow reduction in CT doses should be a priority, not only for the radiology community, but also for manufacturers
  Of utmost importance is that where CT is used, it is only used where fully justified from a clinical perspective.
• The immediate benefits of CT outweigh the potential long¬-term risks in many cases, and because of CT's diagnostic accuracy and speed of scanning, notably removing the need for anesthesia and sedation in young patients, it will, and should, remain in widespread practice for the foreseeable future.
• This study should reduce the debates about whether risks from CT are real, but the specialty has anyway changed strikingly in the past decade, even while the risk debate continued. New CT scanners all now have dose-reductions options, and there is far more awareness among practitioners about the need to justify and optimize CT doses -- an awareness that will surely be bolstered by Pearce and colleagues' study.
• The study confirms that CT scans almost certainly produce a small cancer risk, but as the use of CT continues to rise, generally with good clinical reasons, everybody must redouble their efforts to justify and optimize every CT scan. Image Gently has published in its website a Letter to Parents and Caregivers related to this articel

Visit Image Gently website for more Information.

Best regards
 
Dr María del Rosario PEREZ Scientist

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)
Radiation and Environmental Health Programme
Department of Public Health and Environment (PHE)
Health Security and Environment Cluster (HSE)
20, ave Appia, 1211 Geneva-27, Switzerland
Tel:  + (41)  (22)  791 5027
WEB:  www.who.int